Tool for removing casing from wells



.July 22, 1924.

J. W. LOY

TOOL FOR REMOVING CASING FROM WELLS I Filed Feb. 12, 192s U z 1 m Patented July 22, -1924.

LJN-iran yg;

, Y l 1,502,105 PATENT oFFlcE.

JAMES W. LOY, OF BUBNETT, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOB OF ONE-HALF TO F. M.. FIBH- BACK, OF LONG BEACH, CALIFO TOOL FOB (JVIN'G CSING FROM WELLS.

Application med February 12, was. serial No. 618,699.

To aZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES W. LoY, a citizen of the United States, residing in Burnett, Los Angeles County, California, have invented certain Improvements in Tools for Removing Casing from Wells, of which the following` is a specication.

My invention relates more particularly to a tool adapted for use in gripping and turning the sections of a casing or drill pipe for the purpose of removin it from awell, and

one of the rincipal ob]ects of my invention is to provide a tool which has one part adapted to be connected to and operated l5 by the drill pipe, in the same rotary direction therewith, and another part adapted to engage with the pipe or casing to be removed, but to turn in the opposite direction, whereby Ito unscrew/the same. Cr to state the main object in another way, one part of the tool is driven in one direction, while the part which grips the pipe or casing to be removed is driven in the opposite direction.

Thus the tool can be used with the usual rotary table used for turning the drill pipe and without reversing the direction of rotation of the rotary table or drill pipe, it will unscrew the pipe or casing to which said tool is attached. p

Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description of one practical embodiment of the invention, taken in connection with the accompanying sheet of drawings, in which,

Fi re 1 is a vertical sectional view of the embodiment of the invention used for illustrative purposes;

Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5, are cross sectional views taken on the lines, 2 2, 3 3, 4 4 10 and 5 5, of Fig. 1; and

Figure 6 is a fragmentary sectional 'view of a modified form of the lower portion of the tool adapted for gripping the ,inside of' a casing instead of the outside of a drill pipe shownin Fig. 1.

Referring in detail to the drawings, 1 desi ates a well casing, and 2, -a section of dril pipe which it is desired to remove from the well, while 3 designates the operating drill ipe operated from the rotary table (not s own) in the usual manner. M tool is attached to and operated by said drill pipe 3. The tool as here illustrated .comprises a coupling 4, screwed on tothe lower end of the pipe 3, and having screwed into its lower ',pivotall .ed tc bite, into the pipe 2, substantially as end a member 5, provided with an annular fla e 5, with a central bore, 5", substantia y as shown. A bushin like member 6, fits over the coupling 4, wit packing 7, between said coupling and bushing. A collar 8, around said couplin is secured to said bushing 6, by means o screws' 9, and holds dsaid packing in place. A sleeve or casing member 10, at its upper end, screws on to said bushing 6, substantially in the manner indicated, and is provided with an inner annular shoulder, 10, to receive therein a disc member 11, interlocked with said sleeve or casing 10, in the manner indicated in Fig. 3, whereby to turn with said member 10. The lower end of the member 5, is provided with gear teeth, 5", extending longitudinally thereof, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 4, which mesh with long gears, 12, mounted on the pins, 13, the upper ends off which are connected in the disc member 11, and the lower ends of which are anchored in the inner flange 10b of the sleeve or casin member 10, substantially as shown. The ower endof the member 5, is reduced, as at 5d, and is also anchored in the lower end of the member 10b with packin 14, heldin place by a plate 15, substantial y .as shown. v

Screwed into the lower end of said sleeve or casing member 10 as at 10', is an extension member 16, having at its lower end an inner beveled part, 16a. Pivotally mounted in said extension 16 are four lever members, 17, 17, the upper ends of which are provided with teeth, 17 a, and the lower ends of which are provided with bearing sockets, as 17", to

receive and ho d dogs 18, adaptshown. The lower ends of the levers`17 have a sliding connection with said dogs '18 so 95 that when the extension 16; and the levers 17 are turned circumferentially, said levers are forced out by a cam action on the dogs 18 which tends to force the lower ends of said levers 17 outwardly, thus forcing the 100 upper ends of the levers and their teeth \17 l into the pipe 2, and at the same time force the dogs 18 into the pipe 2, so as to turn said pipe with said extension 16 and levers 17. The connections between the lower ends of the levers 17 and said dogs 18 are eccentric, as indicated in Fig. 5, the rounded part, Y 18, of each dog 18, being eecentrically formed relative'to said dog.

It will be -understood the conmuction thus far described, that' the parts 4c, 5, 5a and 5 turn with the drill pipe 3, and that by reason of the gear portion 5c being in mesh with the gears 12, which are in turn in mesh with ,the gear teeth 10c of the member 10, said member 10, and the parts 6, 8, above, andthe parts 11, 12, 16, 17 and 18, all turn in the opposite direction, thus turning the drill pipe 2 in a direction to unscrew it from the section below, assuming that it is connected with a right hand screw. ln other words, when the upper parts are turned in the direction, as they normally are, to screw pipe sections having right hand threads together, the lower part of said tool and its connections to the pipe 2, turn in the opposite direction and unscrew the pipe 2, whereupon it can be withdrawn with the tool from the well. rllhe reversal mechanism will be understood from Fig. 4.

Referring now to Fig. 6, the lower part of the tool is constructed to engage the inside of a casing, as 2a, instead of the outside, for the purpose of turning it to unscrew it from the next section. A member 20, takes the plate of the extension 16, and is screwed into the lower end of the member 10, and is provided with longitudinally extending channels, 20a, to receive the lever members 21, 21, similar to the levers 17, andpivoted to said member 20, substantially as shown. rllhe dogs, 22, are similar to the dogs 18, and when the parts 20 and 21 are turned relative to the dogs 22, said dogs are forced out as the lower ends of the levers 21 are forced inwardly and the upper ends of said levers 21 are forced outwardly into biting engagement with the inside of the pipe 2a, thus turning said pipe 2a with all of said parts and unscrewing it from the section below.

'llhus lf have described a practical tool for use with the standard well equipment, which can be connected to drill pipe and operated thereby for the purpose of turning another section of pipe, or casing in a removal direction, and while ll have shown and described one embodiment of the invention, li

. am aware that many changes in details can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and I do not limit the invention to the details shown, except as ll may be limited by the hereto appended claims.

1. ln a tool of the character referred to, a part adapted to be turned in one direction, a part adapted to be turned relative to said irst part, reversal transmission mechanism between said parts adapted when said first part is turned in one direction to turn the other part in the opposite direction, said second part being open to receive an object inserted therein, and gripping means 1n said second part adapted to be closed upon said object to turn it therewith.

2. lin a tool of the character referred to,

nsoaioe a part adapted to be turned in one direction, a second part connected therewith and adapted to be turned relative thereto, reversal transmission mechanism between said parts to cause one part toturn in the opposite direction when the other part is turned, gripping means. in said second part adapted to engage and grip an object inserted therein, and means causing said gripping means to function when said second part is turned in one direction whereby to grip and turn said object therewith.

3. ln a tool of the character described, a part adapted to be connected to and turned by means of a driving member, a second part connected therewith and adapted to turn relative thereto, a planetary gear transmission interposed between said parts for reversing the direction of one part relative to the other and gripping means in said second part adapted to be operated to grip an object inserted therein as said second part is turned, whereby to turn said object therewith, substantially as described.

4. lin a tool of the character described, a part adapted to be turned in one direction, a second part connected therewith and adapted to turn relative thereto, a reversal transmission mechanism interposed between said parts for turning one part in one direction when the other part is turned in the opposite direction, said second part being adapted to have telescopic relationship with an object to be turned, and gripping means carried by said second part and adapted to be actuated into gripping engagement with said object when said second part is turned relative thereto, whereby to turn said object.

5. lln a tool of the character described, a part adapted to be turned about its axis, a second part connected therewith and adapted to be turned relative thereto, a planetary gear transmission interposed between said parts for reversing the direction of one part relative to the other part when one part is rotated, said second part bein adapted to have telescopic relationship wit an object to be gripped and turned therewith, and gripping means carried by said second part and adapted to be actuated into gripping engagement withl said object when turned relative thereto, whereby to grip said object and turn it therewith.

6. lin a device of the character referred to, in combination, a central member having a gear portion, an outer member to turn thereon and having a plurality of gears in mesh with the gear portion of said central member and constituting a reversal transmission from said central member to said outer member, said outer member being adapted at its lower end to telescope with another objet to be turned therewith, gripping means carried by said outer member, and means actuated by the turning of said outer member relative to said object for causing said gripping means to function and to grip ysaid object and to turn it therewith.

7. In a device of the character referred to, in combination, a central member having a gear portion and adapted to be connected to a driving member for rotating the same, an outer member over said central member, a plurality' of gears interposed between said outer member and the gear portion of said central member and in mesh therewith and constituting a reversal transmission between said central and outer members, a plurality of gripping members carried by said outer member and adapted to be actuated to grip another object in telescopic relationship therewith, and means for actuating said grip-ping members into gripping engagement with said object as said outer member is turned relative to said object. y

8. In a tool of the character referred to, a part adapted to have telescopic relationship with another object, -gripping members carried by said part to rlp said object, and

means for causlng sai gripping members to operate and grip said object as said part is turned relative thereto.

Si ned at Los Angeles, Los Angeles Coun- W. R. LITZENBERG. MARGUnnITE L. WILBUR. 

